{"id":2183,"date":"2026-04-13T15:29:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-13T08:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/?p=2183"},"modified":"2026-04-13T15:29:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T08:29:11","slug":"kem-han-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong SMT"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 PCB, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng: <\/span>kem h\u00e0n (solder paste)<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. V\u1eady kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ra sao trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#1_Kem_han_la_gi\" >1. Kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#2_Thanh_phan_cua_kem_han\" >2. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#21_Bot_hop_kim_han_Solder_Alloy_Powder\" >2.1. B\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n (Solder Alloy Powder)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#22_Chat_tro_han_Flux\" >2.2. Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n (Flux)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#23_Phu_gia_Additives\" >2.3. Ph\u1ee5 gia (Additives)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#3_Phan_loai_kem_han\" >3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kem h\u00e0n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#31_Phan_loai_theo_thanh_phan_hop_kim\" >3.1. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#32_Phan_loai_theo_kich_thuoc_hat_kim_loai\" >3.2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#33_Phan_loai_theo_loai_chat_tro_han_Flux\" >3.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n (Flux)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#34_Phan_loai_theo_tieu_chuan_hoat_tinh_Flux_IPC\" >3.4. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh Flux (IPC)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#4_Ung_dung_cua_kem_han_trong_cong_nghe_SMT\" >4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#5_Cac_thong_so_ky_thuat_quan_trong_cua_kem_han\" >5. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#6_Cach_bao_quan_va_su_dung_kem_han\" >6. C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#61_Bao_quan_kem_han\" >6.1. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kem h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#62_Chuan_bi_truoc_khi_su_dung\" >6.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#63_Luu_y_trong_qua_trinh_su_dung\" >6.3. L\u01b0u \u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#7_Cach_lua_chon_kem_han_phu_hop\" >7. C\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kem h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#71_Lua_chon_theo_loai_hop_kim\" >7.1. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#72_Lua_chon_theo_kich_thuoc_hat_thiec\" >7.2. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t thi\u1ebfc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#73_Lua_chon_theo_loai_flux\" >7.3. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo lo\u1ea1i flux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#74_Lua_chon_theo_yeu_cau_cua_thiet_ke_va_quy_trinh_san_xuat\" >7.4. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#75_Lua_chon_theo_linh_vuc_ung_dung\" >7.5. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/vi\/kem-han-la-gi\/#Ket_luan\" >K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Kem_han_la_gi\"><\/span>1. Kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Kem h\u00e0n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solder Paste<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0n d\u00e1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t SMT (Surface Mount Technology), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p d\u1ea1ng s\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n (flux), gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2185\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2185\" style=\"width: 1125px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2185\" src=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han.webp\" alt=\"Kem h\u00e0n\" width=\"1125\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han.webp 1125w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-768x430.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1125px) 100vw, 1125px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2185\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kem h\u00e0n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCBA, kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t PCB th\u00f4ng qua stencil. Khi tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n reflow, h\u1ee3p kim s\u1ebd n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1edd vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, kem h\u00e0n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Thanh_phan_cua_kem_han\"><\/span>2. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: b\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n, ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in kem v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_Bot_hop_kim_han_Solder_Alloy_Powder\"><\/span>2.1. B\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n (Solder Alloy Powder)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 85\u201390% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kem h\u00e0n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i si\u00eau m\u1ecbn. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>H\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 ch\u00ec<\/strong>: Sn63Pb37.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>H\u1ee3p kim kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec<\/strong>: SAC305 (Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_Chat_tro_han_Flux\"><\/span>2.2. Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n (Flux)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Flux chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 10\u201315% th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00e1i oxy h\u00f3a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ee3p kim n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i flux ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m No-Clean, Water-Soluble v\u00e0 Rosin-Based.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_Phu_gia_Additives\"><\/span>2.3. Ph\u1ee5 gia (Additives)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee5t kem (slump).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCBA.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Phan_loai_kem_han\"><\/span>3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kem h\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i kem h\u00e0n gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u quy tr\u00ecnh SMT, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Phan_loai_theo_thanh_phan_hop_kim\"><\/span>3.1. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Kem h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec (Leaded Solder Paste)<\/strong>: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Sn63Pb37, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt t\u1ed1t. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Kem h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec (Lead-Free Solder Paste)<\/strong>: Th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p kim SAC nh\u01b0 SAC305 (Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1edd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n RoHS v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_Phan_loai_theo_kich_thuoc_hat_kim_loai\"><\/span>3.2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi in kem v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Type 3 (25\u201345 \u00b5m)<\/strong>: Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng SMT ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Type 4 (20\u201338 \u00b5m)<\/strong>: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Type 5 (15\u201325 \u00b5m)<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Type 6 (5\u201315 \u00b5m)<\/strong>: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 in si\u00eau ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"33_Phan_loai_theo_loai_chat_tro_han_Flux\"><\/span>3.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n (Flux)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>No-Clean<\/strong>: \u00cdt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau khi h\u00e0n, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Water-Soluble<\/strong>: D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Rosin-Based<\/strong>: C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"34_Phan_loai_theo_tieu_chuan_hoat_tinh_Flux_IPC\"><\/span>3.4. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh Flux (IPC)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IPC J-STD-004, flux trong kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>ROL0, ROL1<\/strong>: D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p, \u00edt ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>ROM0, ROM1<\/strong>: Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>ROH0, ROH1<\/strong>: Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kem h\u00e0n gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PCB, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Ung_dung_cua_kem_han_trong_cong_nghe_SMT\"><\/span>4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2186\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2186\" style=\"width: 1125px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2186\" src=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1.webp\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT\" width=\"1125\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1.webp 1125w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-1-768x430.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1125px) 100vw, 1125px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2186\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0n d\u00e1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (SMT), kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh cao, kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p linh ki\u1ec7n d\u00e1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (SMD)<\/strong>: Kem h\u00e0n gi\u00fap g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, transistor v\u00e0 vi m\u1ea1ch IC l\u00ean PCB v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong>: Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf miniaturized v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 linh ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ed7i h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n SMT t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Kem h\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng in stencil v\u00e0 l\u00f2 h\u00e0n reflow, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong>: Kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, \u00f4 t\u00f4, y t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, kem h\u00e0n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Cac_thong_so_ky_thuat_quan_trong_cua_kem_han\"><\/span>5. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh SMT. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCBA.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim (Alloy Composition)<\/strong>: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m Sn63Pb37 v\u00e0 SAC305.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t thi\u1ebfc (Powder Particle Size)<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Type 3, Type 4, Type 5; \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi in kem h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt (Viscosity)<\/strong>: Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in qua stencil v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t PCB.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt (Wettability)<\/strong>: Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lan t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00ean pad v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n linh ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i (Metal Content)<\/strong>: Th\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 85\u201390% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y (Melting Temperature)<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 h\u00e0n reflow \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean stencil (Stencil Life)<\/strong>: Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kem h\u00e0n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh in.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>H\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (Shelf Life)<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a kem h\u00e0n khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00fang \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t kem (Slump)<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng sau khi in, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>: Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 IPC J-STD-005, IPC J-STD-004 v\u00e0 RoHS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kem h\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Cach_bao_quan_va_su_dung_kem_han\"><\/span>6. C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2187\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2187\" style=\"width: 1125px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2187\" src=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-2.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n\" width=\"1125\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-2.webp 1125w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-2-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-2-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kem-han-2-768x430.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1125px) 100vw, 1125px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2187\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh SMT. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, kem h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCBA.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"61_Bao_quan_kem_han\"><\/span>6.1. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kem h\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 2\u201310\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0110\u1eady k\u00edn bao b\u00ec nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc FIFO (First In, First Out).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tr\u00e1nh \u00e1nh n\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 kem h\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"62_Chuan_bi_truoc_khi_su_dung\"><\/span>6.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0110\u01b0a kem h\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng trong kho\u1ea3ng 2\u20134 gi\u1edd.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kh\u00f4ng gia nhi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m \u1ea5m.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Khu\u1ea5y nh\u1eb9 theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf n\u1eafp khi kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"63_Luu_y_trong_qua_trinh_su_dung\"><\/span>6.3. L\u01b0u \u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf 20\u201325\u00b0C, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 40\u201360%.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean stencil \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng in.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kem h\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 in ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Cach_lua_chon_kem_han_phu_hop\"><\/span>7. C\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kem h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kem h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u quy tr\u00ecnh SMT v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"71_Lua_chon_theo_loai_hop_kim\"><\/span>7.1. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kem h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec (Sn63Pb37): D\u1ec5 h\u00e0n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kem h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec (SAC305): Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n RoHS, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"72_Lua_chon_theo_kich_thuoc_hat_thiec\"><\/span>7.2. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t thi\u1ebfc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi in v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Type 3: Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng SMT ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Type 4: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n nh\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Type 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean: D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"73_Lua_chon_theo_loai_flux\"><\/span>7.3. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo lo\u1ea1i flux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">No-Clean: \u00cdt d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch sau h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Water-Soluble: D\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Rosin-Based: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd sau h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"74_Lua_chon_theo_yeu_cau_cua_thiet_ke_va_quy_trinh_san_xuat\"><\/span>7.4. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc pad v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean PCB.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 reflow.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IPC v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t in kem v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"75_Lua_chon_theo_linh_vuc_ung_dung\"><\/span>7.5. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng: \u01afu ti\u00ean chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00d4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng: C\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i kem h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PCBA m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SMT, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch PCB. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCBA. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kem h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 PCB, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2184,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc-nganh"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2183"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2188,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2183\/revisions\/2188"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2184"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/makipos.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}